Vaccine Adjuvants in Fish Vaccines Make a Difference: Comparing Three Adjuvants (Montanide ISA763A Oil, CpG/Poly I:C Combo and VHSV Glycoprotein) Alone or in Combination Formulated with an Inactivated Whole Salmonid Alphavirus Antigen

Most commercial vaccines offered to the aquaculture industry include inactivated antigens (Ag) formulated in oil adjuvants.Safety concerns are related to the use of oil adjuvants in multivalent vaccines for fish, since adverse side effects (e.g., adhesions) can appear.Therefore, there is a request for vaccine formulations for which protection will

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A new approach to study of seabird-fishery overlap: Connecting chick feeding with parental foraging and overlap with fishing vessels

Baby Bottle Nipples Incidental fisheries bycatch is recognised as a major threat to albatross populations worldwide.However, fishery discards and offal produced in large quantities might benefit some scavenging seabirds.Here, we demonstrate an integrated approach to better understand the ecological ramifications of fine-scale overlap between seabir

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